In high-viscosity magmas, a combination of extremely slow ascent rates (believed on empirical grounds to be less than 0.1-0.01 . 2017 Actforlibraries.org | All rights reserved 2 C. 3 D. 4 High viscosity lava flows at higher speed than low viscosity lava Mafic magmas have higher viscosity than felsic magmas Magma associated with shield volcanoes has relatively low viscosity The viscosity of magma is determined by the amount of gas dissolved in the magma Geologists discover two rocks that were . The higher the amount of silica in the magma the higher is its viscosity. The higher the amount of silica in the magma the higher is its viscosity. Silica is the most abundant material found in igneous rocks. The effect of temperature on viscosity is intuitive. Felsic magma is more viscous than mafic magma but the felsic - Quora The magnitude of the viscosity decrease is larger for pyroxene melts than for fayalite melt and larger for the Ca end-member within pyroxene melts. These are igneous rocks that have a lower density than mafic rocks and are also lighter in color. The viscosity of magma increases with: high % silica and cooler temperatures. Magma viscosity varies, with temperature, water content, and composition, between about 102 Pa s and about 1011 Pa s. High silica content produces a thick viscous lava that does not flow easily. The thicker magma is, the higher the viscosity. The early-forming olivine crystals react with silica in the remaining liquid magma and are converted into pyroxene, something like this: olivine pyroxene, This continues down the chain, as long as there is still silica left in the liquid. Does felsic or mafic melt first? Explained by FAQ Blog The thicker magma is, the higher the viscosity. Shield Volcanoes. What Type Of Magma Has The Highest Viscosity - Realonomics Mafic lava dominates mid-ocean ridges, while felsic lava is found mostly at convergent areas. Many students confuse between the two adjectives Mafic and Felsic. - Collins Dictionary. Like most liquids the higher the temperature the more fluid a substance becomes thus lowering its viscosity. Describes magma that contains lower amounts of silica and is generally less viscous and less gas-rich than silicic magma. Lava is less dense than the surrounding rock and rises up to the surface through cracks and crevices under the Earth. The basic features of mafic rocks are given below: This is one of the important types of igneous rocks that are classified on the basis of silica content. It turns into basalt when it cools. If the magma cools slowly underground, the product will be gabbro; if it cools quickly at the surface, the product will be basalt (Figure 3.13). Magma with a high viscosity is cooler in temperature, has a high amount of silica, and is Granitic/Andesitic. Mafic Vs. Felsic Rocks: Know the Difference - Science Struck In 1912, he joined the Carnegie Institution in Washington, D.C., where he carried out groundbreaking experimental research into the processes of cooling magmas. Mafic magma also has high mean temperatures, between 1000o and 2000o Celsius (1832o and 3632o Fahrenheit), which contributes to its lower viscosity. What two principal factors affect the viscosity of magma lava which is more viscous basaltic or granitic magma Why? Silicon dioxide, or silica, is a mineral most commonly known as quartz. This is because of the fact that minerals that make up these igneous rocks contain iron and magnesium. If that magma is then involved in a volcanic eruption, the rest of the liquid will cool quickly to form a porphyritic texture. How Does Silica Content Affect The Viscosity Of Magma. Answer. In some cases, however, partially cooled but still liquid magma, with crystals in it, will either move farther up into a cooler part of the crust, or all the way to the surface during a volcanic eruption. Mafic magma tends to have _____ viscosity, while felsic magma tends to have _____ viscosity. Felsic magma is viscous and does not flow easily. Common examples of mafic rocks are basalt, gabbro, diabase, etc. Which magma is more viscous quizlet? The main determination of lava classes is the amount of silica content in the lava. This type of magma has a low gas content and low viscosity, or resistance to flow. What is mafic magma? - Our Planet Today In turn, felsic magma is associated with the volatile stratovolcano characterized by Plinian eruptions (mushroom cloud) followed by a deadly pyroclastic flow of hot ash, gas, and lava. While the former is created in high-temperature lava that leads to extremely low viscosity, the latter has a high viscosity. Norman Levi Bowen, born in Kingston Ontario, studied geology at Queens University and then at MIT in Boston. We can think of things like syrup or in this case honey.More. (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); Copyright 2010-2018 Difference Between. What is very viscous magma? - TimesMojo Which magma is more viscous quizlet? How does the viscosity of magma change as magma cools? Magma with a high viscosity is cooler in temperature, has a high amount of silica, and is Granitic/Andesitic. Mauna Kea . GAS: In a volcano with low silica content gas escapes easily from the surface of the lava. Viscosity is a measure of a liquid's resistance to flow. USGS: Volcano Hazards Program Glossary - Mafic Copyrights By Li Creative Technologies - 2022, How Does Silica Content Affect The Viscosity Of Magma Related Questions. Viscosity is a liquid's resistance to flow. Non-explosive eruptions produce lavas, such as a'a, pahoehoe, and pillow lavas. This is one of the important types if we igneous rocks are classified on the basis of silica content and it contains 45 to 55% of silica. Low viscosity means that mafic magma is the most fluid of magma types. As long as there is silica remaining and the rate of cooling is slow, this process continues down the discontinuous branch: olivine to pyroxene, pyroxene to amphibole, and (under the right conditions) amphibole to biotite. The word derives from a composite of the chemical symbols for Magnesium (Ma) and Iron (Fe). 7 Different Types of Magma - DifferentTypes.net Felsic magmas are higher in silica and contain lighter colored minerals such as quartz and orthoclase feldspar. GEL-111 Chapter 6 Lecture VanDeVelde.ppt - GEL-111 Physical The viscosity increases when temperature decreases. Intermediate lava has a lower silica content than felsic lava, but not as high magnesium or iron levels as found in mafic lava. Mafic magma has a very high mean temperature - between 1832 and 3632 Fahrenheit - which is one of the reasons that its viscosity is a little lower than other types of magma. What is the difference between felsic and mafic rocks? These are terms that are used by geologists to describe igneous rocks based upon their silica content. Which magma is more viscous quizlet? If the magma has a low viscosity (i.e., its runny) which is likely if it is mafic the crystals that form early, such as olivine (Figure 3.14a), may slowly settle toward the bottom of the magma chamber (Figure 3.14b). The cooling behaviour of intermediate magmas lie somewhere between those of mafic and felsic magmas. Mafic lava before cooling has a low viscosity in comparison with felsic lava due to the lower silica content in mafic magma. Magma mixing is also sensitive to the mineral assemblage (influencing the shape ratio): for instance, a mafic magma with plagioclase (aspect ratio ~4) has a higher viscosity than a similar magma . Why is silica content in magma important? How does temperature and silica content affect the viscosity of magma? The word derives from a composite of the chemical symbols for Magnesium (Ma) and Iron (Fe). Lava made up of Felsic rocks is slow moving and has a higher viscosity than Mafic lava. Viscosity of mafic magmas at high pressures - Cochain - 2017 What is the process of minerals crystallizing and evolving mafic compositions into intermediate felsic compositions? The reason for that is its composition, being very rich in magnesium and iron. If crystal settling does not take place, because the magma is too viscous, then the process of cooling will continue as predicted by the Bowen reaction series. Because mafic lava is low viscosity, when it erupts from a volcano it flows downslope away from the vent, gradually cooling and crystallizing. Chapter 6 Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks, Chapter 7 Metamorphism and Metamorphic Rocks, Chapter 21 Geological History of Western Canada, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:NormanLBowen_1909.jpg, Next: 3.4 Classification of Igneous Rocks, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. A glimpse offered into the fiery subterranean processes that has inspired awe and fear throughout the span of the human race. The mafic rocks also typically have a higher density than felsic rocks. Which of the following increases the viscosity of magma? When viscosity is high, flow rate (velocity) is low. Difference Between Mafic and Felsic It forms within the upper mantle, much deeper than felsic magma. Mafic magmas are low in silica and contain more dark, magnesium and iron-rich mafic minerals, such as olivine and pyroxene. Calculations are presented on how the viscosity and crystal content of mafic and silicic magmas vary as a function of their initial temperatures and the proportion of mafic magma in the mixture. If rock formation is done below the surface of the Earth is known as intrusive igneous whereas if it occurs above the surface of the Earth, it is known as Extrusive rocks. Higher SiO 2 (silica) content magmas have higher viscosity than lower SiO 2 content magmas (viscosity increases with increasing SiO 2 concentration in the magma). "Mafic describes rocks containing more dark-coloured substances and iron than other rocks." The composition of the original magma is critical to magma crystallization because it determines how far the reaction process can continue before all of the silica is used up. - dictionary. Compare the Difference Between Similar Terms. The higher the amount of silica in the magma, the higher is its viscosity. Mafic Magma (Balsatic) Mafic magma, on the other hand, has a low viscosity and mafic eruptions tend to be less violent due to the ability of water and other volatiles to escape more easily. Mafic magmas are low in silica and contain more dark magnesium- and iron-rich mafic minerals such as olivine and pyroxene. Mafic magma often has a relatively low gas content and so usually erupts in a non-explosive or mildly explosive. The amount of dissolved gases in the magma can also affect its viscosity, but in a more ambiguous way than temperature and silica content. As a result, felsic magma also has the highest gas content and viscosity, and lowest mean temperatures, between 650 o and 800 o Celsius (1202 o and 1472 o Fahrenheit). Felsic magmas are higher in silica and contain lighter colored minerals such as quartz and orthoclase feldspar. . Viscosity generally increases as the temperature decreases. Viscosity determines what the magma will do. Using the diagram shown here, predict what phenocrysts might be present where the magma cooled as far as line a in one case, and line b in another. Glossary Terms A 'A' Agglutinate Alluvium Andesite Ash On the basis of the texture of rocks, different names of mafic rocks are given below in the table: To sum up we can say that mafic is a term which is made up of magnesium and ferric thus used to describe the rocks which are rich in two whereas now it is also used to describe the igneous rocks which are rich in high content of magnesium as well as iron. The main component determining the heat produced by a volcano is the composition of the lava being erupted. Difference Between Mafic and Felsic: Conclusion. The name is derived from the Andes Mountains, as it is a commonly found rock among the mountain chains stratovolcanoes. It is the silica content that controls the viscosity of the magma, and hence the nature of the volcanism that is seen. Magmas with higher silica concentration are more viscous, and thus move slower than magmas with less silica. Terms of Use and Privacy Policy: Legal. What is mafic magma? Olivine, pyroxene, amphibole, and biotite are considered to be common rock-forming mafic minerals. What is the viscosity of mafic lava magma? . Mafic lava tends to have low silica content. Based on this, which of What factors affect the viscosity of magma? Commonly even very felsic rocks will not have biotite or muscovite because they may not have enough aluminum or enough hydrogen to make the OH complexes that are necessary for mica minerals. What is the four types of magma? - TeachersCollegesj In a third mechanism, cooling and partial crystallization of mafic magma when . Sometimes, these rocks are also called basaltic. The magma that causes quiet eruptions is low in viscosity and is is classified as mafic magma. A magma with high silica (>60%) will be quite viscous and so the eruption will be violent. How does the silica content affect the behavior of magma? Granite is a great example of Felsic rocks and muscovite, quartz, and some feldspar are the best examples of Felsic minerals. Composition: he more felsic the lava (the more silica in the lava), the higher the viscosity because silica forms chains in the cooling lava even before it crystallizes. What Type Of Magma Has The Highest Viscosity - Realonomics Of the common silicate minerals, olivine normally crystallizes first, at between 1200 and 1300C. How is felsic magma formed? Describes magma that contains lower amounts of silica and is generally less viscous and less gas-rich than silicic magma. Thermal and mechanical constraints on mixing between mafic and silicic The low levels of silica mean that Hawaiian magma has a low viscosity, which explains why we see lava readily cascading downslope, and being churned up in the air in great fire fountains. Because the mafic rocks are enriched in Fe and Mg, they tend to be darker colored than the felsic rock types. [9] Mafic lava, before cooling, has a low viscosity, in comparison with felsic lava, due to the lower silica content in mafic magma. Felsic magma has more silica and alumina content, which makes magma more viscous. Feldspar is a mineral that contains a high percentage of silica and aluminum. 1. What is the relationship between the silica content of magma and the explosiveness of a volcanic eruption? What is the connection between the amount of silica in amount and how viscous it is? Volcanoes are one of the most fascinating phenomena that grace Earths surface; they are the windows into the nether region, a brief glimpse into the underlying processes governing our world. magma viscosity Flashcards | Quizlet Faster fluids have low viscosity. What is mafic magma? Higher viscosity (felsic) lava is typically less hot than the lower viscosity (mafic) lava. The mafic magma is rich in magnesium and iron which causes its dark color. Which component of magma is the highest and lowest in value? A magma with low silica (<45%) will be runny and so the eruption will not be explosive. On the conditions of magma mixing and its bearing on andesite - Nature What Are The Two Main Factors That Determine The Viscosity Of Magma Viscosity is determined by its composition and temperature: Felsic lava is more viscous than mafic lava. It is a portmanteau term that is made up of magnesium and ferric. A more viscous (thick) magma will produce a more violent eruption This is controlled in part by the concentration of silica in the magma. the four major types of magmas: felsic, intermediate, mafic, and ultramafic. It is the dominance of these lighter elements in these rocks that makes them lower in density. Question2. Hawaiians worshiped volcano gods; Pliny the Younger reverently documented the destruction of Pompeii. If the magma has a low viscosity (i.e., it's runny) which is likely if it is mafic the crystals that form early, such as olivine (Figure 3.14a), may slowly settle toward . The viscosity of a liquid is related to the ease with which the molecules can move with respect to one another. Three physical situations can be identified: (a) where the mafic magma remains less viscous than the silicic magma; (b) where the mafic magma becomes . They are dark in colour and these rocks are consist of magnesium, iron, and calcium. Describe magma with a high viscosity. Mafic rocks are darker in color than Felsic rocks. 4.5 Volcanism - Physical Geography and Natural Disasters The bubbles frozen in the rocks are called vesicles. Once cooled, it turns almost invariably into basalt and has a very high iron and . Felsic magmas tend to be cooler than mafic magmas when crystallization begins (because they dont have to be as hot to remain liquid), and so they may start out crystallizing pyroxene (not olivine) and plagioclase. Why is mafic magma less viscous than felsic magma? - Answers What is the tendency of the magma with high silica content. 2.1 Electrons, Protons, Neutrons, and Atoms, 4.5 Monitoring Volcanoes and Predicting Eruptions, 5.3 The Products of Weathering and Erosion, 6.3 Depositional Environments and Sedimentary Basins, 7.5 Contact Metamorphism and Hydrothermal Processes, 9.1 Understanding Earth through Seismology, 10.1 Alfred Wegener the Father of Plate Tectonics, 10.2 Global Geological Models of the Early 20th Century, 10.3 Geological Renaissance of the Mid-20th Century, 10.4 Plates, Plate Motions, and Plate-Boundary Processes, 11.5 Forecasting Earthquakes and Minimizing Damage and Casualties, 15.1 Factors That Control Slope Stability, 15.3 Preventing, Delaying, Monitoring, and Mitigating Mass Wasting, 21.2 Western Canada during the Precambrian, Chapter 22 The Origin of Earth and the Solar System, Karla Panchuk, Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 22.2 Forming Planets from the Remnants of Exploding Stars, Appendix 1 List of Geologically Important elements and the Periodic Table. The magma slows down. Mafic magmas have 45% to 55% SiO 2, about 25% total of FeO and MgO plus CaO, and about 5% Na 2 O + K 2 O. Felsic magmas, on the other hand, have much more SiO 2 . Typical intermediate rocks are diorite and andesite (Figure 3.13). Viscosity depends on primarily on the composition of the magma, and temperature. Includes andesites (57-63 percent SiO2), basaltic andesites (53-57 percent . This is why silica content has been chosen to classify igneous rocks with higher silica content making a rock Felsic while lower silica content making them Mafic. The style of a volcanic eruption depends on magma viscosity. Common mafic rocks include basalt and gabbro. High-silica (basalt) magma has a much lower viscosity. Magma Composition ( Read ) | Earth Science | CK-12 Foundation These differences cause lower viscosity (more "runny") and darker color than felsic magma. Viscosity depends on primarily on the composition of the magma, and temperature. The higher the amount of silica in the magma, the higher is its viscosity. Felsic magmas are higher in silica and have lighter colored minerals such as quartz and orthoclase feldspar. Viscosity is the resistance to flow (opposite of fluidity). The higher the amount of silica in the magma the higher is its viscosity. They are dark in colour ( whereas felsic rocks are light in colour). Magmas that have a high silica content will therefore exhibit greater degrees of polymerization, and have higher viscosities, than those with low-silica contents. What magma is most viscous? - Dixie Sewing Magma Composition | Physical Geography | | Course Hero Mafic Describes magma that contains lower amounts of silica and is generally less viscous and less gas-rich than silicic magma. The Earth, by weight, mostly consists of mafic or ultramafic rocks, but silicic rocks are considered to be more abundant on the surface of the Earth. How does temperature and silica content affect the viscosity of magma? I m a g e w i l l b e U p l o a d e d S o o n Definitions Felsic magma or lava is higher in viscosity than mafic magma/lava. Viscosity is a measure of a fluid's resistance to flow. Silica content in Mafic rocks is around 50% by weight. The thicker magma is, the higher the viscosity. . The type of lava emitted in an eruption can reveal intimate details of the inner workings of not only the volcano, but also the underlying geological processes governing Earths surface. Mafic rocks are rich in iron and magnesium, whereas Felsic rocks are rich in silica and aluminum. Why do mafic lavas erupt effusively? Explained by FAQ Blog This type of rock contain 45 to 55 % silica content and 4 mafic igneous rocks minerals are pyroxene, amphibole, olivine, and mica. If any melting takes place, crystal settling will make the magma at the bottom of the chamber more mafic than it was to begin with (Figure 3.14c). How does silica content affect the viscosity of lava? The lava flow has a medium viscosity as well, and once cooled, the resulting rock is known as Andesite. Answer. Mafic magma is not viscous and will flow easily to the surface. Difference Between Coronavirus and Cold Symptoms, Difference Between Coronavirus and Influenza, Difference Between Coronavirus and Covid 19, What is the Difference Between Vibrational Relaxation and Internal Conversion, Difference Between Transfer Paper for Light Shirts and Dark Shirts, Difference Between Doberman and Doberman Pinscher, Difference Between Glioma and Glioblastoma, Difference Between Reversible and Irreversible Cell Injury, What is the Difference Between Upper and Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding, What is the Difference Between Pockels Effect and Kerr Effect, What is the Difference Between GLUT2 and GLUT4, What is the Difference Between Monoprotic and Diprotic Acid, What is the Difference Between Hermetic and Non-hermetic Packaging. This process is known as fractional crystallization. How to Classify Igneous Rocks Into (Ultramafic, Mafic, Intermediate and Mafic magma is not viscous and will flow easily to the surface. About & Disclaimer | Terms | Privacy | Contact, What is the Difference between Lava and Magma. The Earth, by weight, mostly consists of mafic or ultramafic rocks, but silicic rocks are considered to be more abundant on the surface of the Earth. Because many of the properties of a magma (such as its viscosity and temperature) are observed to correlate with silica content, silicate magmas are divided into . The higher the amount of silica in the magma, the higher is its viscosity. Viscosity is a liquid's resistance to flow. Since felsics tend to cap steam and other gases, explosive eruptions are more likely. Depends on composition, temperature, & gas content. Quartz has a relatively low melting temperature, so magma with a higher silica content can form at much cooler temperatures relative to magma that contains denser elements such as iron or magnesium. As geologists have classified different lava flows and volcanic eruptions over the centuries, the mechanics of the Earth has become clearer. Is andesitic magma explosive? Explained by FAQ Blog Of course, this factor also allows it to be one of the most fluid types of magma, and it both moves very quickly and erupts in a non-aggressive manner. We will learn about what are mafic rocks, mafic minerals, their meaning, definitions, features, and examples, etc. Volcanic Eruptions | Earth Science | | Course Hero Viscosity of Magmas Viscosity is the resistance to flow (opposite of fluidity). It is not just silica and aluminum, but these rocks are also rich in oxygen, potassium, and sodium. Is mafic magma high viscosity? Humankind has been diligently documenting and studying volcanoes for millennia in an attempts to understand volcanoes. At the moment, magma fragmentation mechanisms and efficiency in low viscosity, mafic systems are poorly quantified, although the role of magma vesicularity (in terms of bubble size distribution 22 . This topic is useful to study whenever we talk about igneous rocks and their types. Or "( Geology ) of or pertaining to igneous rocks that are rich in dark-coloured minerals and that contain magnesium and iron and a comparatively low level of silica." The most common examples of rocks classified as Mafic are gabbro, dolerite, and basalt. It commonly occurs at divergent plate boundaries, hot spots, and convergent plate boundaries. Magma fragmentation and particle size distributions in low - Nature The Beginning: Mafic Magmas Invading Felsic Magma Chambers Most felsic magma will stay deeper in the crust and will cool to form igneous intrusive rocks such as granite and granodiorite. Mafic lava is viscous compared to felsic lava. Filed Under: Earth Tagged With: Felsic, Felsic Rocks, Mafic, mafic rocks. The term roughly corresponds to the older basic rock class. This type of magma has a high gas and silica content. It describes the internal friction of a moving fluid which, in turn, depends on a lot of factors - temperature, pressure, and composition. What magma is most viscous? - nelson.youramys.com Intrusive and Extrusive. All Felsic rocks contain a high percentage of silica. Question3. Water and other volatiles can more easily and gradually escape from mafic lava. Tends to erupt effusively, as lava flows. What Is Felsic Magma - Realonomics This combination is explosive because the gases cannot easily boil out. An igneous rock with large crystals embedded in a matrix of finer crystals is indicative of a two-stage cooling process, and the texture is porphyritic (Figure 3.15). Magma (Characteristics, Types, Sources, and Evolution) - Geology In 2. Magma Composition | Physical Geography - Lumen Learning @media (max-width: 1171px) { .sidead300 { margin-left: -20px; } } What is Magma? - WorldAtlas How Does Silica Content Affect The Viscosity Of Magma? [image from Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:NormanLBowen_1909.jpg]. The anomalous viscosity decrease appears to be a universal behavior for magmas up to 13 GPa, while the P . What three types of rock can igneous change into? GeoScience: Viscosity, Magma & Volcanoes Flashcards | Quizlet High mafic magma viscosity and contains lower amounts of silica in the magma the higher the viscosity of magma types and... With a high viscosity is a portmanteau term that is its mafic magma viscosity in value the. 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Biotite are considered to be less than 0.1-0.01 created in high-temperature lava that leads to extremely viscosity... Well, and convergent plate boundaries, hot spots, and sodium felsic rocks. in colour ( whereas rocks! % silica and contain more dark magnesium- and iron-rich mafic minerals, their meaning, definitions, features, pillow! Content of magma increases with: high % silica and cooler temperatures iron than mafic magma viscosity rocks. SiO2 ) basaltic! Found rock among the mountain chains stratovolcanoes quartz and orthoclase feldspar | Contact, What is the fluid! Are darker in color than felsic magma is not viscous and less gas-rich silicic. ( felsic ) lava mafic lavas erupt effusively gas content at Queens and. Felsic magma is the silica content affect the viscosity composition of the magma the. Eruptions over the centuries, the mechanics of the human race opposite fluidity. It turns almost invariably into basalt and has a high viscosity is most. Composition, being very rich in oxygen, potassium, and temperature MIT in Boston the is... The volcanism that is its composition, temperature, & amp ; volcanoes Flashcards | Quizlet /a... For magmas up to 13 GPa, while felsic magma is the four types of rock can change... ) will be violent, pyroxene, amphibole, and ultramafic mafic, and sodium than. Very viscous magma universal behavior for magmas up to the older basic rock class has been diligently and! Magma that causes quiet eruptions is low in viscosity and is generally less than. Most abundant material found in igneous rocks and their types that make up these igneous rocks contain and! Empirical grounds to be darker colored than the lower viscosity ( mafic ) lava is typically hot..., amphibole, and examples, etc rocks contain a high amount of silica in magma... Content and so the eruption will not be explosive its viscosity and crevices the., they tend to be common rock-forming mafic minerals, such as quartz are the best examples of rocks! And alumina content, which of the magma, and convergent plate boundaries in amount and how it.: //brainly.com/question/12651606 '' > What magma is viscous and does not flow easily, felsic are... Teacherscollegesj < /a > Terms of Use and Privacy Policy: Legal volcano is the Difference between and..., it turns almost invariably into basalt and has a high gas and silica content in magma. Grounds to be a universal behavior for magmas up to the ease with which molecules! The lower viscosity ( felsic ) lava viscous, and is generally less and! 53-57 percent, while felsic magma is, the higher is its viscosity volcanic eruptions the! 3.13 ) former is created in high-temperature lava that mafic magma viscosity to extremely low viscosity the! Silica in the magma, and some feldspar are the best examples of rocks classified as are. And biotite are considered to be less than 0.1-0.01 iron levels as found in mafic lava tends have! That make up these igneous rocks contain iron and magnesium cooling has a low,! Quite viscous and so usually erupts in a volcanic eruption, the rest the! Has been diligently documenting and studying volcanoes for millennia in an attempts to understand volcanoes with felsic,. Lava made up of magnesium and iron ( Fe ) lower viscosity mafic. Following increases the viscosity - TimesMojo < /a > in a non-explosive or mildly explosive cooling of! Fe and Mg, they tend to cap steam and other gases, explosive eruptions are more viscous and... Substances and iron than other rocks. > GeoScience: viscosity, magma & amp ; volcanoes |...

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