Verdi could be harsh with him; he gave him hell when the first version of Rigoletto was blocked, but they formed a strong bond over many years, and after Piave suffered a stroke in 1867, Verdi supported his wife and daughter as well as paying for his funeral when he died in 1876. This summary contains the complete plot of the opera Rigoletto by Guiseppi Verdi. Visit Rigolettos for great Italian food at reasonable prices, perfect for intimate dinners and famiily gatherings as well as large groups and office parties. On the night before his wedding, he is struck in the face by a magic sword and cursed to live among the mortals. Rigoletto himself gets no flashy arias; his music is punchier and more declamatory, an uneasy mix of both worlds. Sparafucile asks the victims name. Some film versions are based on the opera's plot, but do not use Verdi's music. The work, Verdi's sixteenth in the genre, is widely considered to be the first of the operatic masterpieces of Verdi's middle-to-late career. Rigoletto is an opera in three acts[a] by Giuseppe Verdi. "[4], Piave set to work revising the libretto, eventually pulling from it another opera, Il Duca di Vendome, in which the sovereign was a duke and both the hunchback and the curse disappeared. Joseph Paur is a talented opera singer and actor known for his performances in films such as "Rigoletto," "17 Miracles," and "Ephraim's Rescue.". Marullo identifies himself and tells him that they are planning to abduct Countess Ceprano for the Duke. Barbarian follows Georgina Campbell's . Omissions? For a moment, she revives and declares she is glad to die for her beloved: "V'ho ingannato" ("Father, I deceived you"). A crowd of lords and ladies in grand costumes are seen walking about in the rear rooms; page boys come and go. as Viscardello, Lionello, and Clara de Perth). Fast, free delivery. From outside the house, Gilda and Rigoletto watch as the Duke pursues Maddalena. Verdi had agreed in 1850 to write an opera for La Fenice in Venice, where Piave, one of his favourite librettists, was the resident poet. Outraged, Monterone swears vengeance. synopsis by Rick Bogart, rick@rick.stanford.edu. [23] Igor Stravinsky wrote "I say that in the aria 'La donna mobile', for example, which the elite thinks only brilliant and superficial, there is more substance and feeling than in the whole of Wagner's Ring cycle. They do so, but they stay nearby to watch him. Pavarotti's rendition in Jean-Pierre Ponnelle's 1985 film version became an instant iconic image of decadence. The story has a simple premise, but there are various layers to it. Gilda, not knowing her own history, wants him to tell her who he really is and who her mother was. Sparafucile wraps the lifeless body in a bag and gives it to Rigoletto. The courtiers and ladies enjoy the scene immensely. Monterone confronts the Duke, and is immediately arrested by the Duke's guards. Gilda gets some of the most divine music, particularly in the Act I aria Caro nome, in English Sweet name. The noblemen begin tormenting, laughing, and mocking him. Here's a quick and simple definition: A tragic hero is a type of character in a tragedy, and is usually the protagonist. Aaron M. Green is an expert on classical music and music history, with more than 10 years of both solo and ensemble performance experience. But Lorenzo apparently knew nothing. The Duke emerges from hiding and throws himself at Gildas feet, repeating that he loves her. She says no, and Rigoletto urges her to keep a close watch on Gilda. Gilda is in agony but cannot tear herself away, though Rigoletto keeps asking her whether she has had enough (Quartet: Bella figlia dellamore). In a panic, Rigoletto cuts open the sack to find his beloved daughter inside! Then he invites the Duke to stay for the night. Sparafucile stabs her and she collapses, mortally wounded. Gilda describes to her father what has happened to her in the palace: "Tutte le feste al tempio" ("On all the holy days") and he attempts to console her. Gilda is stricken by remorse, for she failed to tell her father about the young man who has followed her to church. There are doors on both sides as well as a larger one at the far end by the sides of which hang full length portraits of the Duke and his wife. Then he hears the Duke singing in the distance, opens the rug, and to his horror he discovers his almost-dead daughter. One such woman was Ana, owner of a pharmaceutical company. A magnificent hall in the ducal palace. In September 2010, RAI Television filmed the opera on location in Mantua with the court scenes taking place in the Palazzo Te. Weighting it with stones, he is about to cast the sack into the river when he hears the voice of the Duke, sleepily singing a reprise of his "La donna mobile" aria. Vieni e senti . At a splendid ball in his palace, the Duke of Mantua boasts to his retainer, Borsa, of his plan to finish his conquest of a young woman who has been at church every Sunday for three months. What was Rigoletto physical features? In the 21st century there have been several live performances released on DVD including a 2001 performance from London's Royal Opera House with Paolo Gavanelli as Rigoletto and Marcelo lvarez as the Duke (BBC/Opus Arte) and a 2006 performance at the Opernhaus Zrich with Leo Nucci as Rigoletto and Piotr Beczaa as The Duke (ArtHaus Musik). Somehow in the darkness, they trick Rigoletto into believing they are kidnapping a woman from the house adjacent to his, and in the ensuing action, Rigoletto actually assists in the kidnapping of his daughter. "[2] Guglielmo Brenna, secretary of La Fenice, promised the duo that they would not have problems with the censors. At the same time, Rigoletto has brought Gilda to the house to convince her of the Dukes infidelity. Verdi's 'Rigoletto' Told in 3 Minutes 44 related questions found The courtiers firmly turn him away, first saying that the Duke is out hunting, then that he cannot see anyone right now. Music is heard from offstage. Its tragic story revolves around the licentious Duke of Mantua, his hunch-backed court jester Rigoletto, and Rigoletto's daughter Gilda. After Rigoletto taunts him for trying to protest his daughter's lost virtue, Monterone places a curse on the Duke and his . Sparafucile objects that he is an honest thief and murderer, but Maddalena's entreaties win him over and he agrees to the plan. The censors had real issues with Rigolettos content, and its not hard to see why! He chose as his Librettist Francesco Marie Piave with whom he had worked on five previous operas, and after an intense search, Verdi decided upon Victor Hugos Le Roi samuse, a subject that was always likely to cause problems with the censors (the play itself had a checkered history with censorship). Ceprano is enraged. Victor Hugos Le Roi samuse, premiered in November 1832, was on the surface simply historical fiction about Francis I. They swear undying love before Giovanna leads him out. He has a hunch-back and he's rather unattractive, but he's good at his job of humiliating the courtiers for the amusement of the Duke. Verdi immediately realised he was paralysed and roughly pushed him on the stage, so he appeared with a clumsy tumble. While Victor helped her manage the business and house, she needed Emanuel to satisfy her needs. The Season 1 finale, which . The first act opens with a . The courtiers clamber up the ladder and into Rigolettos house. Caro nome che il mio cor" ("Dearest name"). After Rigoletto leaves, Gilda describes a young man she saw in the church to her nurse, Giovanna, and tells her she has fallen for him. The audience, thinking it was an intentional gag, was very amused. [35] The plot of the film Quartet revolves around the quartet "Bella figlia dell'amore", with which the film concludes. A palace ball is in full flow. Pavarotti's rendition in Jean-Pierre Ponnelle's 1985 film version became an instant iconic image of decadence. Marullo and the others arrive with the news that Rigolettos mistress has been kidnapped. The Duke is a ladies man who feels his life would be meaningless if he couldn't chase every skirt he sees. Later, the courtiers discover that Rigoletto is secretly living with Gilda, whom they believe to be his mistress. Giovanna comes in to say that she has heard footsteps outside. The Duke is missing his Gilda, but he is soon excited to hear that the noblemen have just kidnapped her. Red kidnapped Adelaide and swapped places with her. The spell can only be broken by someone with a pure heart who will love him in spite of his disfigured face. The Duke goes to bed. With her father's unknowing assistance Gilda is carried away by the courtiers. Rigoletto orders Gilda to put on a man's clothes to prepare to leave for Verona and tells her that he plans to follow later. In August, Verdi and Piave retired to Busseto, Verdi's hometown, to prepare a defensive scheme as they continued work on the opera. Gilda is resolved to sacrifice her life for his, and walks through the door. La Fenice of Venice commissioned Verdi in 1850 to compose a new opera. Rigoletto arrives, savouring the moment of vengeance. A page boy arrives with a message from the Duke's wife the Duchess wishes to speak to her husband but the courtiers reply suggestively that the Duke cannot be disturbed at the moment. The scene in which he retired to Gilda's bedroom would be deleted, and his visit to the Taverna (inn) would no longer be intentional, but the result of a trick. Rigoletto is a jester in the court of the Duke of Mantua. This article is about the opera. why? Updates? As Countess Ceprano passes by, the Duke flirts with her and escorts her out of the room. The short orchestral preludio is based on the theme of the curse, intoned quietly on brass at first and building in intensity until it bursts into a passionate outcry by the full orchestra, subsiding once more and ending with repeated drum rolls alternating with brass, cumulatively increasing in volume to come to a somber conclusion. Count Monterone, an elderly man, interrupts by accusing the Duke of seducing his daughter. The men trick Rigoletto into helping them by telling him that they are abducting Countess Ceprano. The Duke has not revealed his identity to the woman. First screened at the Venice Biennale in 2004, it subsequently received two Grammy nominations. The play had premiered in 1832 but was banned after only one performance when the French government, horrified by its disrespectful portrayal of a monarch, declared it immoral. She says that she fell in love with him, but that she would love him even more if he were a student and poor. Rigoletto is still upset by Monterones curse. You can find out more about our use, change your default settings, and withdraw your consent at any time with effect for the future by visiting Cookies Settings, which can also be found in the footer of the site. A tragic tale, the story of Rigoletto revolves around the libertine Duke of Mantua and his hunchbacked Court Jester, Rigoletto, whose beautiful daughter, Gilda, falls prey to a dreadful curse. He bribes Giovanna into letting him in and in the ensuing love song lies to Gilda, telling her that he is a poor student. He tells the Duke to either imprison or kill them, allowing the Duke the freedom of being with whomever he pleases. Rigoletto thinks that the Duke has stolen Gilda and taken her to his palace. The courtiers pretend not to notice his anxiety, but quietly laugh at him with each other. Welcome to the Ending Explained for episode 1 of American Gigolo, a new drama available on Paramount+ and on cable on Showtime. Set during the Depression-era is a retelling of the famous opera 'Rigoletto', putting one into the mind set of Beauty and the Beast with almost biblical undertones. No one can control life. [9], Rigoletto premiered on 11 March 1851 in a sold-out La Fenice as the first part of a double bill with Giacomo Panizza's ballet Faust. Meanwhile, Rigoletto shuffles in, singing of his grief. This particularly offended Hugo as censorship had supposedly been eliminated only two years previous. The grieving father begs her to hold on, but she fades away. The play was swiftly banned. After the death of her husband due to a car accident, she married his close associate, Victor. Based closely on the controversial 1832 play Le Roi samuse (The King Amuses Himself; also performed in English as The Kings Fool) by Victor Hugo, Verdis opera was nearly kept off the stage by censors. Rigoletto joins them, laughing. The breadcrumbs don't end with the unveiling of Mira Troy's identity in the grand scheme of things either. He tries to run into the other room, but they block him. The Conflict Between The Villagers And The Police "Kantara" starts in 1847 when a King grants the forest land to the local tribes in exchange for peace and protection by their God-the Panjurli Daiva. He does not understand who he was left in the bag. However, his fears subside when the men who stole her arrive in the palace with Gilda in hand. 'American Gigolo' Episode 7: Ending Explained - Does Isabelle Know McGregor? Licentious Duke ravishes his jester's daughter; the jester's revenge goes tragically awry. The courtiers leave the room, believing Rigoletto has gone mad. His daughter proceeds to comfort him with the image of her mother watching over them from heaven. Latter-day Saint filmmaker T. C. Christensen praises Joe Paur as having "all the qualities I look for in an actor.". Sure enough, Verdi was asked to submit the libretto to the Austrian censors (Venice, a constituent state of Austria at the time), who took exception to the portrayal of an evil monarch and, to compound this, a bad character whose evildoing is not punished at the operas conclusion. [10] The opening night was a complete triumph, especially the scena drammatica and the Duke's cynical aria, "La donna mobile", which was sung in the streets the next morning[11] (Verdi had maximised the aria's impact by only revealing it to the cast and orchestra a few hours before the premiere, and forbidding them to sing, whistle or even think of the melody outside of the theatre). Treachery, seduction, and a raging father dead set on revenge. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. A portion of Sparafucile's house is seen, with two rooms open to the view of the audience. [22] At curtain rise, great contrast is immediately felt as jolly dance music is played by an offstage band while the Duke and his courtiers have a lighthearted conversation. Beyond the river is Mantua. The quartet Bella figlia dell amore, is a marvel of simultaneous characterization, beautifully integrated into the larger context. "[23], There have been dozens of commercial recordings of Rigoletto. When you visit the site, Dotdash Meredith and its partners may store or retrieve information on your browser, mostly in the form of cookies. Even though the Duke has proven to be unfaithful, Gilda still loves him. As he answers sarcastically, he looks around for clues about where Gilda might be. . Set in the grubby world of the Duke of Mantua, a man with few morals and a great deal of power, the action plumbs the depths of nastiness, and the bad guy doesn't get a comeuppance. Placido Domingo sings 'La Donna e Mobile', Giuseppe Verdi's RIGOLETTO COMPLETE LIBRETTO: Rigoletto - Opera Journeys. Finally, Rigoletto breaks down and confesses that Gilda is his daughter. Marullo informs the noblemen that Rigoletto has a lover. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Rigoletto. Pavarotti's rendition in Jean-Pierre Ponnelle's 1985 film version became an instant iconic image of decadence. Gilda accepts his reticence and asks permission to go out into the city, which she has yet to explore. Verdi also cleverly gives the despicable Duke some devilishly charming music, youll probably recognise La donna mobile, Woman is flighty. There are fewer applause breaks than in his earlier works, the drama seemingly rushing headlong towards its conclusion. Tragic heroes typically have heroic traits that earn them the sympathy of the audience, but also have flaws or make mistakes that ultimately lead to their own downfall. Rigoletto asks Gilda if she still loves the Duke; she replies that she will love him forever, because he loves her. Crying out, Ah! Rigoletto orders the courtiers to leave. To prove it, Marullo hands Rigoletto the key to Cepranos nearby palace. Marullo informs the noblemen that Rigoletto has a lover. After our heroes escape the house, they're rescued by a homeless man played by. Tess is wary of Keith at first, and she does everything righttakes a photo of his ID, refuses to drink liquids he hands her, and keeps her distance. He is warned that though the families will continue to serve the God, any attempt to go back on his word will incur the wrath of the God. The play had been banned in France following its premiere nearly twenty years earlier (not to be staged again until 1882);[3] now it was to come before the Austrian Board of Censors (as Austria at that time directly controlled much of Northern Italy. La donna mobile from Rigoletto is composed by Guiseppe Verdi, while The God's entrance into Valhalla from Das Rheingold is composed by Richard Wagner. Scene 1: Mantua. Once again, Rigoletto remembers Count Monterone's curse. Gilda is Rigoletto's innocent, sheltered teenage daughter, who longs to experience love. The composer was eager to adapt Hugos Le Roi samuse, which he declared the greatest subject and perhaps the greatest drama of modern times. Verdi also said that the title character, called Tribolet in the play, was worthy of Shakespeare. The composer, librettist, and theatre management were aware that getting the libretto through the censorship process could be a challenge. Higehiro finale is upon Crunchyroll but there is no information yet on the . Rigoletto is just about to throw the sack in the river when he hears the Duke still singing in the inn. [1], That came in the form of Victor Hugo's controversial five-act play Le roi s'amuse ("The king amuses himself"). Rigoletto contemplates the similarities between the two of them: "Pari siamo!" Rigolettos daughter who he has fiercely protected from the outside world. (See Italy: The Vienna settlement.) When she complies, he tells her he will not be far behind. He gloats over what he believes is the body of the Duke. In Rigoletto, a reclusive and wealthy man with a disfigured face named Ari Ribaldi moves into the old and long time abandoned mansion on the hill. First, when a spring snow starts falling inside of the abandoned theme park's main performance hall during Ri-eul's failed second arrest. Then, after Rigoletto leaves, she hears Maddalena pleading with Sparafucile not to kill the Duke, but instead to kill the first person who comes through the door and give that body to Rigoletto instead. Sadly, she passes away in his arms. It is night. But, preparing to dispose of the corpse, he hears the voice of the Duke singing in the distance. * Gilda (soprano), a young girl who was seduced by the duke of Man. When Rigoletto gets home, he is warmly welcomed by his daughter, Gilda. Some scores, such as the Schirmer piano-vocal score, present the opera in four acts, with the two scenes which normally constitute act 1 appearing as separate acts. There is one high-backed chair at a table covered with velvet and other furnishings. Rigoletto and Gilda travel to the outskirts of town to pay a visit to the assassin, Sparafucile. Under its final title, Rigoletto, the premiere was well received. By their description, he recognizes it to be Gilda and rushes off to the room where she is held: "Possente amor mi chiama" ("Mighty love beckons me"). After she leaves, he completes his bargain with the assassin, who is ready to murder his guest for 20 scudi. The men do not believe him and taunt him for being completely mad. That night, she dresses in men's clothes and takes his place. Rigoletto (Zeljko Lucic), ordinarily a deformed hunchbacked court jester, has a less clear role, but his social status is concise. Scene 2. Sparafuciles sister. Rigoletto then withdraws. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. On the left is a two-story house, half ruined. Sparafucile suggests that they quickly throw the body in the water, but Rigoletto wants to do it himself. Rigoletto, the Duke's hunchbacked court jester, mocks the husbands of the ladies to whom the Duke is paying attention, including the Count Ceprano. The woman we've been following for the whole. The . [13], Rigoletto was a great box-office success for La Fenice and Verdi's first major Italian triumph since the 1847 premiere of Macbeth in Florence. As midnight strikes, he knocks on the door. He has a hunch-back and he's rather unattractive, but he's good at his job of humiliating the courtiers for the amusement of the Duke. She tells her father that she gladly dies for her beloved and asks for his forgiveness. Pavarotti My Story 2-LP Set, Pristine! He humorously advises the Duke to get rid of Count Ceprano by prison, exile, or death. Count Monterone enters angry, decrying that the Duke has had his way with Monterones daughter. Meanwhile, Sparafucile comes out of the house, draws Rigoletto aside, and asks if the Duke should live or die. Sparafucile informs him that the deed is done and shows him a sack with a body in it, but the killer refuses to give Rigoletto a light by which he can identify the body until he is paid the rest of the money. One that goes into the darkest themes . When a count appears at the court and begs the licentious Duke for the return of his kidnapped daughter, he is ridiculed by Rigoletto and in turn, places a curse on him. Cookies collect information about your preferences and your devices and are used to make the site work as you expect it to, to understand how you interact with the site, and to show advertisements that are targeted to your interests. Out in the street, however, Ceprano, Borsa, Marullo, and other courtiers, armed and masked, are spying on her. October 8, 12, 14 & 16 (m), 2022. When Rigoletto has gone, the Duke appears and overhears Gilda confess to her nurse Giovanna that she feels guilty for not having told her father about a young man she had met at the church. (Meanwhile, outside, Borsa and Ceprano have found the home of the despised Rigoletto.) Outside of the house, the Duke overhears the ladies' conversation. Verdi later explained that "The subject is grand, immense, and there is a character that is one of the greatest creations that the theatre can boast of, in any country and in all history. Composer and professor of experimental music Dieter Schnebel (19302018) wrote of this scene, The central storm scene is, so to speak, a film with sound, whose moving images show an exterior and interior drama. In the 21st century, the opera was filmed as Rigoletto Story directed by Vittorio Sgarbi with costumes by Vivienne Westwood. [25], The section following the quartet, marked "Scena e Terzetto Tempesta" (scene and storm trio) is also, as Julian Budden has written,"without any antecedent". Rigoletto mocks all and sundry, a court jester who does this job in a nasty, deeply unpopular manner. Marullo, another of the Dukes retainers, comes in with big news: Rigoletto has a mistress! The Duke's voice can be heard from inside, singing "La donna mobile" ("Woman is fickle"). Gilda now realizes what she must do: she knocks on the door, enters the tavern and is stabbed (nearly) to death by Sparafucile. The curse!. After the first performance in Venice in 1851 the Gazzetta ufficiale di Venezia deplored the fact that in his opinion the libretto was inspired by "the Satanic school" and Verdi and Piave had sought beauty from the "deformed and repulsive". Later, the courtiers discover that Rigoletto is secretly living with Gilda, whom they believe to be his mistress. ), From the beginning, both composer and librettist knew this step would not be easy. She looks through the crack in the wall and overhears Maddalena trying to persuade her brother not to kill the Duke. She knocks on the door and Sparafucile stabs her. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. As he approaches the water, he hears the voice of the Duke in the distance. In Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet, Romeo is a tragic . Preoccupied with the old man's curse, Rigoletto approaches the house where he is concealing his daughter from the world and is accosted by the assassin Sparafucile, who walks up to him and offers his services. He ignores Gildas pleas to forgive the Duke, for she loves him in spite of his betrayal. Ending Explained. One of the most exciting and gritty operas, Rigoletto is not for the faint-hearted. [33] Luciano Pavarotti, who has recorded the arias for several recital discs, also sings the role of the Duke on three complete studio recordings of the opera: Decca (1971) conducted by Richard Bonynge; Decca (1989) conducted by Riccardo Chailly and Deutsche Grammophon (1993) conducted by James Levine.[32]. What does Pavarotti sing about in the aria from Rigoletto? He also seeks companionship with Countess Ceprano, even though she is married. He collapses in despair, remembering the old man's curse. A count in the Duke's court. [14][10][15][16], Several modern productions have radically changed the original setting. ("We are alike! one of the greatest Italian opera composer of 19th century. She confesses her guilt for not telling her father. She hears Maddalena's pleas to spare the Duke's life. As Monterone leaves, Rigoletto swears that he will be avenged (S, vendetta). Through a large arch on the ground floor a rustic tavern can be seen as well as a rough stone staircase that leads to an attic room with a small bed which is in full view as there are no shutters. Despite their best efforts, including frantic correspondence with La Fenice, the Austrian censor De Gorzkowski emphatically denied consent to the production of "La Maledizione" (its working title) in a December 1850 letter, calling the opera "a repugnant [example of] immorality and obscene triviality. In the US, the opera was first seen on 19 February 1855 at New York's Academy of Music in a performance by the Max Maretzek Italian Opera Company. Vintage Vinyl Record Album Gatefold, Tenor Arias La Boheme Rigoletto. The Duke sings of womans fickleness (La donna mobile). Synopsis Gilda, however, pleads for the Duke. "), while the hostile courtiers outside the walled garden (believing Gilda to be the jester's mistress, unaware she is his daughter) get ready to abduct the helpless girl. Gilda Roberts) (1998), This page was last edited on 5 August 2022, at 16:24. two men's and two women's voices. Rigoletto declines the offer, and Sparafucile says that he can be found in the alley every night. for their escape to Verona. Sparafucile takes the money and bids him good night. He's notorious for his unrestrained verbal abuse of the. Rigoletto is the first of Verdi's middle period operas and marks a shift towards coherent musical tapestries instead of the typical Italian aria format (though Verdi by no means leaves the form behind). She is the figure that the noblemen suspect to be his lover. Popularity-wise not much has changed over the intervening 150 years, and Rigoletto was the 9th most performed opera in the world from 2007/2008 to 2011/2012. Rigolo means funny in French! Sparafucile directs him to the upstairs sleeping quarters, resolving to kill him in his sleep. With a great balance between the grand and the intimate, from plush palace to rundown inn, Rigoletto is an opera that has it all. Rigoletto is on his way home from work and happens to run into Sparafucile, who offers his services as an assassin. Sparafucile offers his services, but Rigoletto rejects his offer, saying he does not need them. Seething with rage, he launches an . Curtiss Clayton's 2003 film Rick, set in modern-day New York, has a plot based on Rigoletto, but apart from "La donna mobile" heard in the background during a restaurant scene, does not include any other music from the opera. The courtiers, of course, are not amused. In the yard there is one tall tree and a marble seat; in the wall, a door that leads to the street; above the wall, a terrace supported by arches. Alone, Gilda reflects on her lovers name and swears to love him forever (Caro nome). They had not expected to have problems with the censors. He has discovered where she lives, and every night he sees a mysterious man enter her house. Rigoletto and Gilda arrive outside. It was at this stage that Rigoletto gained its name with the hunchback jester Triboulet becoming Rigoletto, a name taken from the title of another Hugo play, Rigoletti, ou Le dernier des fous. While the plot runs on acts of payback, Rigoletto believes his downfall is caused by a curse from Monterone, usually portrayed by an elderly man, here an Arab.

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