Pleased with the wealth of detail and accuracy of his reports, the emperor then sent Zhang Qian on another mission in 119 BCE to visit several neighbouring peoples, establishing early routes from China to Central Asia. Nowadays, the Silk Road has become a popular route for tourism, while policymakers speak about developing new silk roads across Asia to boost economic growth in the continent. The Kushan Empire, in particular started to significantly spread Buddhism. A caravan track stretched west along the Great Wall of China, across the Pamirs, through Afghanistan, and into the Levant and Anatolia. Along the road, people from many different civilisations got to meet each other and the results were extraordinary. Silk went westward, and wools, gold, and silver went east. It was during the Silk Road era that the knowledge of many unique Chinese inventions was passed from east to west, such as the knowledge of gunpowder, bronze smelting, papermaking, porcelain making (including the highly prized celadon technique) as well as the art of sculpted pottery in general (think: Terracotta Army, though these particular exemplars of Chinese sculpted pottery were first discovered in recent times), the use of paper money, the art of printing, the compass, the art of healing via specific herbal treatments, the martial arts, and the raising of silkworms in the production of silk thread, to name the most obvious. This is the Silk Road route suggested in 1910 by the famous German-born Orient expert, Albert Herrmann. The Xiongnu tribes, in contrast, were hostile toward their Han Chinese neighbors - very aggressively so, in fact - which is what prompted China's first emperor, Emperor Qin of the Qin Dynasty, to erect the first Great Wall in BCE 214. The village of Kyzyl Suu was thus believed by Herrmann to be the westernmost, or terminal, point of the Chinese Silk Road caravans. Additionally Buddhism, Zoroastrianism, Manichaeism and Nestorianism were all introduced to China and parts of India because of the Silk Roads influence. Until the 2nd century BC the way from Europe to Asia stopped at the borders of China because the great ranges of Asia, the Tien Shan, the Kun-Lun, the Karakorum, the Hindu Kush, and the Himalayas, protected the ancient Chinese civilization from the rest of the world. Where did the Silk Road begin and end? The Yuan Dynasty's Mongol rulers were quite eager to embrace China's Muslims and their religion, with the result that Islam was allowed to spread freely across China via the overland Silk Road (though the spread of Islam restricted itself chiefly to the western part of China, where China's Turkic minorities live, not making much headway against Buddhism, Taoism (itself being crowded out by Buddhism) or Confucianism (itself having been forbidden by various former emperors)), and where the Muslim middlemen merchants of Central Asia essentially controlled the overland Silk Road trade, which arrangement was initially to everyone's liking. They organized trade and provided security. Keeping this in consideration, why was the Silk Road important to the Han Dynasty? stimulated by . This holiday season, we commemorate the epic Silk Road and the gifts it has brought to us from the Orient. The Silk Road was also used to trade slaves and other goods. The Persian Royal Road ran from Susa, in north Persia to the Mediterranean Sea in modern day Turkey and featured postal stations along the route with fresh horses for envoys to quickly deliver messages. The Silk Road began in north-central China in Xi'an (in modern Shaanxi province). The origin of tea growth and consumption is disputed, but it is likely in China's Tang or Western Han Dynasty, possibly more than 2,000 years ago. Some of our partners may process your data as a part of their legitimate business interest without asking for consent. How to Market Your Business with Webinars? While its name derives from the profitable silk trade, the ancient Silk Road network of trading routes, spanning land and sea, also supported a lucrative salt trade with many coastal sea salt basins located in the Middle East and Central Asia. Abstract : It is generally believed that the Silk Road started from Chang'an and the end of the Silk Road was in Daqin, the ancient Chinese name for the Roman Empire. This led to the spread of many ideologies, cultures and even religions. When did the Silk Road start and end? The Silk Road was an important route connecting Asia with the Mediterranean world, including North Africa and Europe. The person below me doesnt appreciate history and is in 4th grade. Around the year 400 C.E.,farmers started harvesting teaas opposed to picking leaves from wild trees, which led to vaster production, then demand, then trade. Where did the Silk Road begin and end? The pastoral peoples' demands for food. Of course, Marco Polo (1254-1324) had been one of the first such famous China travelers, returning to Europe with glowing praise of all things Chinese. religion and trade. When Zhang arrived, he was captured and kept as a prisoner for several years, but was eventually freed and returned to China where he told, among other things, of the magnificent Arabian horses he had encountered. This led to the large-scale economic power growth in Europe and allowed it to reach major technical advantages by the early modern period in the 17th and 18th centuries. In addition, one can rightly speak of an overland Silk Road route and a maritime Silk Road route, for both routes existed. Silk Road was an online black market and the first modern darknet market, best known as a platform for selling illegal drugs. The Silk Road is a historically important international trade route between China and the Mediterranean. Trade on the Silk Road was a significant factor in the development of the great civilizations of China, India, Egypt, Persia, Arabia, and Rome. Why Did The Silk Road Begin? But the Han Chinese were also master craftsmen in the use of precious metals, precious stones, and ivory to be used in the fashioning of exquisite objects of art. We base in Guilin, with over 20 years of different styles of travel and tour service experience. Herrmann, in contrast, relied heavily on the writings of Claudius Ptolemaeus (CE 90-168), aka Ptolemy - the Greek geographer, mathematician, astronomer, and astrologer - in pinpointing his Silk Road route. He created the phrase to describe the routes between India, China, and the Mediterranean, which were used to . Thank you so much, this really helped me on my silk road project for school. As the marine channel for silk became more and more famous, Silk Road trade began becoming . Why is it called the Silk Road? The Silk Road was started by the Han dynasty. China The Silk Road began in north-central China in Xi'an (in modern Shaanxi province). Cultural and religious exchanges began to meander along the route, acting as a connection for a global network where East and West ideologies met. Starting from Quanzhou Fujian Province, the maritime Silk Road was the earliest voyage route that was formed in the Qin and Han dynasties, developed from the Three Kingdoms Period to the Sui Dynasty, flourished in the Tang and Song dynasties, and fell into decline in the Ming and Qing dynasties. Tea eventually gained prestige and status, sometimes being given as elaborate gifts to royalty and nobility. One theory holds that the first such route stretched from Kashgar in present-day Xinjiang to the village of Kyzyl Suu on the banks of the Kyzyl Suu River in the Kyrgyz valley of the same name, situated about 75 kilometers, as the crow flies, north of Lake Karakul in present-day Tajikistan. Other famous historical personages such as Gottfried Wilhelm Leibnitz (1646-1716) and Adam Smith (1723-1790) were similarly generous in their praise of Chinese handicrafts, as witnessed by the following quotes: "Everything exquisite and admirable comes from the East Indies" Terms in this set (4) Some key motives for Europeans during the Age of Exploration was they wanted to find a new sea route to Asia, they wanted knowledge, they wanted to spread Christianity, they wanted wealth and glory, and they wanted spices. It was first established in the late 4th century BC by the nomadic people called the Scythians. Initially, the spice trade was conducted mostly by camel caravans over land routes. Other important beliefs and/or ideas to arrive in China, thanks to the Silk Road, were Nestorian Christianity, Islam, astronomy, the Gregorian calendar (though China, to this day, observes the Lunar calendar when it comes to national holidays), and mathematics, as well as Indian, Persian and European music and art. Countless merchants, travelers, warriors, conquerors have traversed the desert and ruins, towns with . Abstract : It is generally believed that the Silk Road started from Chang'an and the end of the Silk Road was in Daqin, the ancient Chinese name for the Roman Empire. Royal Road. It was later, during the western and Eastern Han dynasty that these routes were extended to Rome, Asia, Africa and rest of Europe. Because silk was the major trade product which traveled on this road, it was named the Silk Road in 1877 by Ferdinand von Richthofen - a well-known German geographer. China also received Nestorian Christianity and Buddhism (from India) via the Silk Road. I am doing a project about tea diffusion and this really helped out!! Connecting the east and west, the Silk Road is the oldest trade route with a great distance between east Asia and the Mediterranean. Initially, in China, tea leaves would be condensed and mixed with spices and fruit essences, then boiled with water in traditional porcelain pots (much like theteas we offer today!). Because the europeans had bad quality products so they opened the silk road to trade with China to get jade and good quality silk. The Silk Road was a vast trade network connecting Eurasia and North Africa via land and sea routes. Maybe you have already? Why did the Silk Road start? The Silk Road was the main transportation route connecting ancient China with Western Europe, which is as long as more than 14,000 miles. Even though it has been almost 600 years, traders still remember how to use these routes for their business! Answer (1 of 6): The Silk Road connected the East and West from China to the Mediterranean Sea. Tea began to be commercially distributed by pioneer tea companies like Twinings, which paved the way for today's worldwide tea industry. The Silk Road" is an ancient overland trade route that connects China with Europe. It was not actually a road. Its length was about 4,000 miles (more than 6,400 km). The silk road began in China at the South China Sea and ended at the Mediterranean Sea. If you could receive my request, can you also write about the movement of spices? Where did the salt road start and end? Khujand lies at the western entrance to the Fergana Valley, which in turn lies just north of the narrow, east-west mountainous strip, the Alay Mountains, that divides the Fergana Valley from the Kyzyl Suu Valley, the latter of which, according to Herrmann (as we will see in the next section), is the site of one of the first routes of the overland Silk Road.if(typeof ez_ad_units != 'undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[250,250],'chinatravel_com-banner-1','ezslot_5',139,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-chinatravel_com-banner-1-0'); The other subsidiary factor that played a significant role in the opening of the overland Silk Road trade route was the fact that the Chinese traders in question, as indicated, had acquired larger horses, which they obtained from the Dayuan people who lived in the aforementioned Fergana Valley; while the Levantine trade caravans used camels, since they crossed vast deserts, their Chinese counterparts preferred horses.if(typeof ez_ad_units != 'undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'chinatravel_com-large-mobile-banner-1','ezslot_6',120,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-chinatravel_com-large-mobile-banner-1-0'); The Dayuan were a large-specimen, fair-haired people who were neither of Turkic or of Chinese origin. It was a 4000-mile trip. There was also a lively "trade" in ideas (cultural exchange) along the Silk Road, which is the subject of the next section. Religions in particular were spread along the road and this is how, for example, Buddhism travelled from India to China. Why is the Silk Road called the Silk Road? The traders who actually transported the "Oriental" goods across the Mediterranean during this period may well themselves have been descendants of the ancient Phoenicians, who had plied their trade across the Mediterranean from BCE 1500 to BCE 300 when the Phoenicians were eventually conquered by Rome. The tea trade slowly expanded west from China and Mongolia to India and Turkey and beyond. Methods of brewing, though, varied from culture to culture. The original Silk Route was established during the Han Dynasty by Zhang Quian, a Chinese official and diplomat. 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