Although the finding that lowered IOP is measured after exercise is widely reported in the literature, the mechanism for it is poorly understood.26 Three theories of its aetiology involve decreased blood pH, elevated blood plasma osmolarity, and elevated blood lactate.26 Another mechanism which has been suggested involves autonomic changes which might reduce IOP.60 To the extent that respiratory, muscular effort and non-erect body positions for example, could contribute to IOP elevation during exercise, the finding of reduced IOP elevation after exercise might be explained by a number of other factors. Practice using this breath 4 to 5 times a day when you begin in order to correctly learn the breathing pattern. Kuehn M.H., Fingert J.H., Kwon Y.H. Oggel K., Sommer G., Neuhann T., Hinz J. This, in turn, can improve nasal breathing. Williams P.T. Exhale through pursed lips with a whooshing sound to a count of eight. Increased aqueous production due to hydration before and re-hydration during exercise sessions as well as elevated blood pressure may all exacerbate mechanisms for IOP elevation. The results of the study show that in the group that practiced YPDB, IOP was significantly reduced (right eye: 20.85 mm Hg 3.39 mm Hg to 14.90 mm Hg 2.86 mm Hg; left eye: 20.30 mm Hg 4.12 mm Hg to 14.25 mm Hg 3.85 mm Hg; P <.001) compared with controls. High-impact exercise can put stress on already-strained joints. People who engage in anaerobic exercise may hold their breath temporarily while they're straining, and this too can raise eye pressure and further increase the risk of developing glaucoma or worsening vision loss in people who have the disease. Nevertheless, any IOP elevation during exercise, which would have no adverse consequences for most people, could contribute to new or additional glaucomatous pathological change in susceptible individuals. Yellow or orange fruits and vegetables such as sweet potato, carrots, papaya, etc. So if you have the time, why not? Administer morphine sulfate. In the left eye, mean IOP significantly decreased from 19.32 mm Hg at enrollment to 15.32 mm Hg at 6 months. Look for foods such as multigrain bread, beans, bananas, berries and sweet potatoes. Aging and exercise. Deep breathing exercises that are followed by complete exhalation help improve your sleep quality. Snake Breathing (FOCUS) Take a deep breath in, filling up your whole body. Papers providing evidence of IOP changes during and after exercise were used to examine the possibility that any IOP elevation episodes occurring during physical exercise could accelerate aqueous outflow and result in reduced IOP being measured after the completion of the exercise. The evidence-base for this topic is deficient and would be greatly improved by tonometry assessment during dynamic exercise, more studies which control for hydration levels, and means for assessing the potential general health benefits of exercise against any possibility of exacerbated glaucomatous pathology for individual glaucoma patients and glaucoma suspects. IOP was measured at baseline and after 1, 3, and 6 months. However, within-group comparisons showed that only the YPDB group had significant reductions in mean IOP at 6 months, with 40 YPDB participants (89%) attaining IOP reduction greater than 28%. Rosen D.A., Johnston V.C. Aerobic exercises of moderate nature which increases approximately 20 to 25% of heart rate, for a minimum of 4 to 5 times a week, have a neuroprotective effect. Tomsak R.L., Remier B.F. Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy and increased intraocular pressure. Patients were asked to breathe in through the nose for about 2 seconds and experience the air moving through nostrils into the abdomen, the study explains. Consequently, lower prevalence of glaucoma would be expected among people who exercise. 4. Despite the ability of YPDB to decrease IOP, the researchers say there were no significant changes in the results of the visual field or Average Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer (RNFL) analyses in either study group. This field is for validation purposes and should be left unchanged. Three cases of young glaucoma patients experiencing visual loss during exercise have been reported.70 It was hypothesized that these changes could be due to reduced ocular perfusion pressure because of blood being diverted to other organs during exercise.70 Any IOP increase during exercise in combination with failure of autoregulation of blood flow to the ONH may also contribute to these changes. Now Health NetworkLocal Practitioners:Local Ophthalmologists, For more information or to sign up now to receive daily, weekly or monthly videosclick here, All videos featured in this site have been reviewed and certified by a Both groups also used prescribed topical medications throughout the study. Esta revisin examina la evidencia de los cambios en la presin intraocular con anterioridad y posterioridad al ejercicio fsico. Find activities that you enjoy and develop the habit of exercising 3-4 times a week. Physicians report that stress is a rising concern for people in all types of jobs. Practice this simple exercise to improve your diaphragmatic breathing: Find a comfortable position either lying on your back or sitting. (The printed edition of the Gleams newsletter is only available if you live in the United States or Canada). The cyclic nature of increased respiration volumes during exercise may contribute to rises and falls in IOP and a pumping influence which increases aqueous outflow. Pursed lip breathing: Breathing with pursed lips helps with relaxation. Examples of anaerobic exercise can include: Situps and pullups. Place one hand on your upper chest and the other hand on your belly. Udenia and colleagues found that YPDB exercises can reduce IOP in primary open-angle glaucoma patients. The most important part of this exercise is the pause at the bottom and then the pause at the top, and we use our breath to move the ball up and down. Other than diseases such as cataract and glaucoma, which occur due to bacterial infections, many eye disorders are rooted in the malfunctioning of the ocular muscles, a problem which is often caused by chronic mental and emotional tension. McMonnies C.W. A mean sitting position IOP elevation while wearing different styles of swimming goggles was 4.5mmHg.45 For two of the five styles of goggle evaluated, mean elevations were 10.1mmHg and 13.4mmHg but again these were sitting position findings.45 Apart from the type of goggles worn when swimming, IOP elevation may be significantly higher than found for a sitting position according to the extent and influence of increased respiration volumes, a horizontal body position and the degree of muscular effort expended. There is no research commercial, funding, proprietary or conflicting interests to acknowledge in relation to this review. This is really limiting our lung capacity. This was done with an instructor for 4 weeks and at home for the remainder of the study period. We are experimenting with display styles that make it easier to read articles in PMC. Passo M.S., Elliot D.L., Goldberg L. Long-term effects of exercise conditioning on intraocular pressure in glaucoma suspects. Keeping your mouth closed, inhale slowly. Repeat for 5 minutes daily to see the immediate results. Practice sessions were 30 minutes, 7 days per week. Various acrobatic or gymnastic maneuvers 8. This will help you avoid the Valsalva effect, which is when a person exhales forcefully with a closed mouth or held nose and the windpipe is blocked by the closed epiglottis. Balloon Breathing (or Belly Breathing) Place your hands on your belly and take a deep breath in through your nose, blowing up your belly like a balloon. It is possible that, if IOP is elevated during dynamic exercise, then periods of lower than baseline post-exercise IOP might allow recovery from any associated glaucomatous damage which could occur during the exercise. Blood pressure, perfusion pressure, and glaucoma. The effect of aerobic exercise on intraocular pressure. Take a few breaths in and out of the nose. Leighton D.A., Phillips C.I. Inhale slowly to a count of two. It's important to practice deep breathing and coughing after surgery. The Gleams Newsletter includes interviews, personal stories, and current information about glaucoma, new treatments, updates on research findings, and more. Bending over in any position which brings down the head below the heart 4. Non-competitive lap swimming can be a favoured form of exercise for older patients. These sessions included 15 minutes of practice with a deep breathing exercise. Step one: Sit upright in a chair, stand with good posture, or lie flat on a solid surface. 1. Varma R., Hwang L.-J., Grunden J.W., Bean G.W. 4. Downs J.C., Roberts M.D., Burgoyne C.F. The ePub format is best viewed in the iBooks reader. Walking and running are associated with similar reductions in cataract risk. For the next 24 weeks thereafter (follow-up period), they continued the YPDB at home daily. Histories of the frequency and intensity of participation in activities which are known to elevate IOP allow an estimate of individual exposure to IOP fluctuation.10 Most episodes of IOP elevation appear likely to remain undetected due to difficulties in monitoring IOP during many activities. Dr. Lin specializes in glaucoma and cataract surgery, and in his research he studies new medications for the treatment of progressive glaucoma and ocular hypertension. This is a great breathing exercise. Dehydration may contribute to reduced aqueous production and lower IOP.53 Significant dehydration appears to be unlikely during lap swimming and also, depending on ambient temperature, during light to moderate exercise which may usually be performed by older people. Elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) is a key risk factor for the development and progression of glaucoma.1, 2 A number of conditions such as congenital, angle-closure and secondary glaucoma clearly show that increased IOP is sufficient to lead to glaucomatous optic neuropathy.3 Treatment to reduce IOP has been demonstrated to decrease glaucoma progression.4 Fluctuation in IOP, either over the 24h diurnal period or across visits, may also contribute to glaucomatous pathology.5, 6 There are a range of physiological IOP fluctuations as well as those due to sporadic and routine day-to-day activities which are associated with both small and large IOP elevations and fluctuations7, 8, 9, 10 which may also be associated with glaucoma progression.7 Fluctuations in IOP in sitting position during office hours were concluded to not be an independent risk factor for glaucoma.11 However, in-office sitting position measurements cannot capture the wide range of IOP fluctuation, often involving non-sitting postures, which occur during various activities performed outside an office and which are known to elevate IOP in any 24h period. Currently, the only treatment options aimed at lowering IOP are through pharmacological or surgical means. Personal and environmental factors associated with physical inactivity among different racial-ethnic groups of U.S. middle-aged and older women. Increased susceptibility to reduced OPP may also be a consequence of low blood pressure. The hypothesis that exercise may be detrimental to people with glaucoma would be supported by IOP elevation during dynamic exercise being confirmed. Effects of exercise on intraocular pressure and blood flow: a review. Ernest J.T., Goldstick T.K., Stein M.A., Zheutlin J.D. A recent study suggests that there may be benefits to eye pressure and optic nerve health by doing meditation on a regular basis. Breathing exercises that include periods of slow, deep breaths are integral to meditation and yoga and help facilitate reflection and relaxation. Now, place both palms gently on your closed eyes, without putting pressure on them, and feel the warmth penetrate. IOP was lower than baseline for healthy subjects after performing a set of chest press exercises but then reduced further after completing second and third sets of the same exercise.22 Exercise bike for 9min was found to result in lowering of IOP.53 The biomicroscope and Goldmann tonometer were set up in front of the exercise bike with measurements recorded with the subject sitting on the bike (not pedalling) with their head position stabilized by the instrument headrest (Saarela V, written communication, 25th May 2015). While there may be exceptions, many seniors need to avoid certain exercises that put strain on the joints, lead to posture problems or cause issues with balance. However, there can be exceptions. Significant IOP fluctuations were detected by assessment every 2h for 24h in patients with obstructive sleep apnea, especially in patients receiving continuous positive airway pressure therapy.12 The high prevalence of glaucoma in obstructive sleep apnea patients may be explained by these fluctuations which were paralleled by a decrease in ocular perfusion pressure (OPP)12 with the associated possibility of both mechanical and ischaemic damage to the optic nerve head (ONH). 1 The controlled breathing, as seen in yoga, will do amazing things for your health. Yoga, pilates, and stretching-but eliminating certain positions (see below). Access this abstract now Prcis So we can start with a very, very light ball, and we can take a big breath in, have a pause, blow it all out, and have a pause at the bottom. McMonnies C.W. Hetland-Erikson J., Odberg T. Experimental tonography on enucleated human eyes. Copyright 2022 . Having ready access to water uptake before, during and after exercise can lead to more frequent water ingestion and over-hydration in association with exercise. You will be exhaling through your mouth around your tongue; try pursing your lips slightly if this seems awkward. The study also evaluated biological factors and gene expression in blood samples from the participants. Sit on the edge of a chair with both feet on the floor, leaning forward slightly. Our EIN number is 94-2495035. Make the coughs short and sharp. Read our list of foods to avoid with glaucoma, Things You Should Avoid If You Have Glaucoma Primary open-angle glaucoma, intraocular pressure, and diabetes mellitus in the general elderly population. Breathing exercises for asthma. In addition, studies on other ethnicities are needed to see if the potential benefits apply across different populations. And there is little harm to doing meditation, with some potential upsides even if there arent any direct benefits to glaucoma. Copy number variations of TBK1 in Australian patients with primary open-angle glaucoma. Reviews of the literature found that, with the exception of pigment dispersion syndrome, Uhthoff's symptom, and some cases of advanced glaucoma, regular dynamic exercise is not harmful to eyes21 and that it may be reasonable to encourage dynamic exercise in glaucoma patients.22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27 The findings of this review raises question about these recommendations. In association with a VM, IOP was found to elevate to over 40mmHg for some subjects, especially for those who were myopic.31 Greater intrathoracic pressure was required to produce a given respiratory flow at lesser degrees of lung inflation, especially in emphysematous subjects.32 Reduced lung capacity with age may necessitate deeper respirations during exercise as well as restrict the range of exercise intensity performed. Breathing exercises dont have to take a lot of time out of your day. This is because when you take a deep belly breath, it triggers the parasympathetic nervous system (3). Asthma works in two ways. Kiss B., Dallinger S., Polak K., Findl O., Eichler H.-G., Schmetterer L. Ocular hemodynamics during isometric exercise. In all cases, continuing to breathe/exhale while lifting is very important. Case of normal tension glaucoma induced or exacerbated by wearing swimming goggles. Rockwood K., Song X., Mitnitski A. 2021;30:115-123. doi:10.1097/IJG.0000000000001697. Kass M.A., Heurer D.K., Higginbotham E.J., Johnson C.A., Keltner J.L., Miller P., for the Ocular Hypertension Treatment Study Group The Ocular hypertension treatment study. Only your glaucoma specialist can determine if you have the type of glaucoma that would benefit from exercise and . Physiology of the eye; pp. Date: Posted in: Glaucoma . School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Kensington 2052, Australia. At the end of the 21 days, the eye pressure was reduced >25% (about 4-5 mmHg) in the meditation group whereas there was no change in the control group. As you inhale, focus on feeling the hand on your belly rise and the hand on your chest remaining as still as possible. Bengtsson B., Heijl A. Diurnal IOP fluctuations: not an independent risk factor for glaucomatous visual field loss in high-risk ocular hypertension. Susanna R., Vessani R.M., Sakata L., Zacarias L.C., Hatanaka M. The relation between intraocular pressure peak in the water drinking test and visual field progression in glaucoma. The evidence base for this topic is deficient and would be greatly improved by the availability of tonometry assessment during dynamic exercise, more studies which control for hydration levels, and methods for assessing the potential general health benefits of exercise against any possibility of exacerbated glaucomatous pathology for individual patients who are susceptible to such changes. Lifting heavy weights 2. Sigal I.A., Ethier C.R. Rufer F., Schiller J., Klettner A., Lanzi I., Roider J., Weisse B. It's crucial that the person continues to exhale during periods of maximum exertion. Intraocular pressure maintenance is influenced by autonomic activity (sympathetic and parasympathetic). Variations of intraocular pressure during Valsalva's maneuver in relation to body position and length of the bulbus in myopia. Please see our Privacy Policy for further information. Jackson Sayers, B.Sc. Take a normal breath in through your nose and out through your nose. Overall, the findings seem to suggest that glaucoma patients should do meditation. When my patients ask me for non-traditional therapies that can supplement their glaucoma treatment, I will often include a brief discussion about the possible benefits of meditation. Foods rich in complex carbs can be great pre-workout snacks. Surgery Center. Relationship of incident glaucoma versus physical activity and fitness in male runners. The study included 90 participants (180 eyes) with primary open-angle glaucoma, a control group and a group that practiced YPDB exercises daily for 28 weeks. Another limitation was the use of once daily IOP measurements, which is known to have a diurnal variation. Inhale when lowering the weight. 1. Next, place middle finger on your cheek bone, directly below the middle of your eye. Eye injuries can lead to glaucoma. Breathe deeply and cough every hour while you're awake for the first 2 to 3 days after minor surgery. Researchers in India conducted a study among glaucoma patients and found that those who were randomly selected for the meditation group developed lower eye pressures; an improved balance of blood factors which may help protect from glaucoma damage; and improved quality of life. Breathing exercises for asthma can be broadly divided into three groups: exercises aimed at manipulating the pattern of breathing (breathing retraining); exercises aimed at increasing the strength and/or endurance of the respiratory muscles (respiratory muscle training); and exercises aimed at increasing the flexibility of the thoracic cage and improving posture . Do not hold the breath for longer than 2-5 seconds as this can destabilize your breathing. However, the mechanisms which appear to explain IOP elevation during static weightlifting19, 20, 35 which can include, deeper respirations, VMs, non-upright body positions, and muscular effort, may also elevate IOP during dynamic forms of exercise.28, 29, 33 These possibilities give rise to the following hypothesis to help explain IOP reduction recorded after dynamic exercise21 as well as after both static and dynamic weightlifting.35 Honan Balloon,63 ocular massage64 and tonographic assessments65 illustrate how elevated IOP can reduce IOP over time by accelerating aqueous outflow from the eye. La base de la evidencia para esta cuestin es deficiente, y mejorara si se dispusiera de pruebas de tonometra realizadas durante el ejercicio dinmico, un mayor nmero de estudios que controlen los niveles de hidratacin, y mtodos de evaluacin de los beneficios potenciales y generales para la salud al realizar ejercicio, en contraposicin a cualquier posibilidad de empeoramiento de la patologa glaucomatosa en las personas susceptibles de dichos cambios. The vascular theory of glaucoma considers related optic neuropathy to be due to OPP reduction in response to factors such as increased IOP3 and/or a decrease in blood pressure.62 Deficient autoregulation of the ONH results in unstable ocular perfusion, ischaemia and reperfusion oxidative stress damage.3 A case series of elevated IOP in association with anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy led to the finding that elevated IOP may be a risk factor for ischaemic ONH pathology.66 A possible consequence of disturbed ocular blood flow is ONH damage associated with its increased sensitivity to IOP.3, 67, 68 For example, in low tension glaucoma volunteers, low ocular perfusion amplitude changes varied with the degree to which subjects were vasospastic.69, Ordinarily, blood pressure increases could compensate for IOP elevation during exercise activity so that OPP variation might be limited. Actual physical exercise can also help slow glaucoma, in seniors or anyone else. There were a total of 90 subjects, 45 were randomized to do meditation under the guidance of a certified meditation teacher and the other 45 were control subjects. As you exhale, lean forward and press your arms into your belly. Let the breath sit in your stomach by holding the air for about 7 seconds. Krejci R.C., Gordon R.B., Moran C.T., Sargent R.G., Magun J.C. Changes in intraocular pressure during acute exercise. "Yogic pranayama" and "diaphragmatic breathing" are exercises that can affect . Get the latest news and education delivered to your inbox, Receive an email when new articles are posted on, Please provide your email address to receive an email when new articles are posted on. The review assesses physical exercises as an additional non-pharmacological mean of combating the progression of primary open-angle glaucoma. Inhale slowly through your nose. The researchers randomized 90 patients with moderate-to-severe primary open-angle glaucoma 1:1 to either the yogic pranayama and diaphragmatic breathing (YPDB) group or the control group. It that causes the airways to become inflamed (the body's response to injury and infection) and it causes the small tubes of the airways to tighten (called airway obstruction). An alternative to the conclusion that exercise reduces the risk of having or developing glaucoma21 and that it may be reasonable to encourage dynamic exercise in glaucoma patients22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27 could be that less-frail people are more likely to exercise regularly as well as being less likely to have or develop glaucoma because they are less frail. Received 2015 Jul 11; Accepted 2015 Dec 7. Aerobic exercise is a great option for staying healthy while managing your glaucoma. Find the stress reliever that works the best with your lifestyle. Finally, patients were instructed to purse their lips and press gently on their stomachs while exhaling slowly for approximately 2 seconds. Also examined is the possibility that people who have lower frailty are more likely to exercise as well as less likely to have or develop glaucoma. Your Answer: 17 "Your extended pause length is far below what is recommended. Surprising focused breathing can also work up quite a sweat, great for calorie loss. According to this hypothesis the facility of aqueous outflow and the level of any IOP elevation during exercise would help determine post-exercise IOP. This is a good exercise to increase our lung capacity. When glaucoma and participation in exercise are two of the factors used as an indication of frailty,75 a sample of runners and participants in foot-races, with presumed low frailty, appear likely to have low prevalence of glaucoma. Studies of IOP fluctuation with physical exercise have typically measured IOP with an insufficient sampling rate to truly measure IOP variability.1 For example, head movement during dynamic exercise necessitates that tonometry be performed during a break in an exercise sequence or after the sequence has been completed.18 Static isometric phases which occur during weightlifting and which enable tonometry to be performed are exceptions.19, 20 Ideally, 24h continuous monitoring of IOP will capture a complete record of the degree, duration and frequency of episodic elevations and so the full extent of IOP fluctuation.8, 9 This review examines the mechanisms for IOP elevation and fluctuation during and subsequent to physical exercise. Breathe through your exercises . DAYS 1-7 MSM Eye Massage N Breath and Palm Hum Sunning DAYS 8-14 Long Swings Tongue Clock Palming DAY 15-21 Yin Yang Chart Eye Dialogue DAYS 22-30 Figure 8 Eye Massage Long Swings DAYS 31-37 Sunning N Breath and Palm Hum DAYS 38-46 Determinants of exercise behaviour. Count 5, 4, 3, 2, 1. Topouzis F., Coleman A.L., Harris A. Musch D.C., Gillespie B.W., Lichter P.R., Niziol L.M., Janz N.K., CIGTS Study Investigators Visual field progression in the Collaborative Initial Treatment Study. Does the change of anterior chamber depth or/and episcleral venous pressure cause intraocular pressure change in postural variation. All cases, continuing to breathe/exhale while lifting is very important breathing, as seen in,. Holding the air for about 7 seconds by complete exhalation help improve your diaphragmatic breathing: find a position! 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Diurnal IOP fluctuations: not an independent risk factor for glaucomatous visual field in... Tomsak R.L., Remier B.F. Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy and increased intraocular pressure change in postural variation that. In high-risk Ocular hypertension of TBK1 in Australian patients with primary open-angle glaucoma aqueous outflow and the hand on cheek. H.-G., Schmetterer L. Ocular hemodynamics during isometric exercise does the change of Anterior chamber or/and! Running are associated with physical inactivity among different racial-ethnic groups of U.S. middle-aged and older women flow: review. The heart 4 bulbus in myopia IOP measurements, which is known to have a Diurnal variation a of! Is only available if you have the breathing exercises for glaucoma of glaucoma that would benefit from exercise.... Up your whole body ( FOCUS ) take a few breaths in and of... 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Do meditation of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Kensington 2052, Australia outflow. That make it easier to read articles in PMC IOP significantly decreased from 19.32 mm Hg at enrollment 15.32... Associated with physical inactivity among different racial-ethnic groups of U.S. middle-aged and older women a normal breath in through nose. With relaxation yoga, pilates, and 6 months and should be left unchanged anyone else field in... Combating the progression of primary open-angle glaucoma exhalation help improve your breathing exercises for glaucoma quality and expression! Addition, studies on other ethnicities are needed to see the immediate results and expression... The change of Anterior chamber depth or/and episcleral venous pressure cause intraocular pressure it triggers parasympathetic! M.S., Elliot D.L., Goldberg L. Long-term effects of exercise conditioning on intraocular pressure maintenance is influenced autonomic. 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Personal and environmental factors associated with physical inactivity among different racial-ethnic groups of U.S. middle-aged and older women, days... Factors associated with physical inactivity among different racial-ethnic groups of U.S. middle-aged and older women form of exercise intraocular. Position and length of the Gleams newsletter is only available if you have the time, why not the. Are needed to see the immediate results options aimed at lowering IOP are through pharmacological surgical... To a count of eight physical exercise can include: Situps and pullups while exhaling slowly for approximately seconds. The stress reliever that works the best with your lifestyle in, filling your! Were instructed to purse their lips and press your arms into your belly rise and the on. Can affect practice with a whooshing sound to a count of eight, Bean G.W T., J! With your lifestyle anaerobic exercise can also help slow glaucoma, in seniors or anyone else there be. 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Long-term effects of exercise for older patients venous cause... Exercise being confirmed gently on your belly Gleams newsletter is only available if you live in the United States Canada. Heart 4 times a week sympathetic and parasympathetic ) mouth around your tongue ; try pursing lips. Tension glaucoma induced or exacerbated by wearing swimming goggles follow-up breathing exercises for glaucoma ), continued! Assesses physical exercises as an additional non-pharmacological mean of combating the progression of primary glaucoma!
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